8. Sınıf İngilizce Çalışma Kitabı Cevapları Tutku Kitap Yayınları

2020 8. Sınıf İngilizce Çalışma Kitabı Cevapları Tutku Yayınları


8. SINIF İngilizce Ders Kitabı Cevapları TUTKU YAYINLARI 

AŞAĞIDAKİ LİSTEDEN SAYFA SAYILARINA GÖRE CEVAPLARA ULAŞABİLİRSİNİZ.


👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇

Sayfa 10 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 1
1 Listen and fill in the blanks with the words below. Then sing along.
1- tall 2- day 3- fun 4- alone 5- jump 6- wrong

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 11 Soruları ve Cevapları

2 Tick (✔) the quotation/proverb below that best describes friendship in your opinion. Then
share the quotations/proverbs about friendship in Turkish.
3 Can a person with the personal traits below be your best friend? Tick (✓) or cross (✘).

 honest
   jealous
 understanding
 tactful
   sneaky
 generous
   self-centered
 caring
 fair
 loyal
   bad-tempered
   mean
   aggressive
 adventurous
   arrogant
 helpful
   unreliable
   stubborn
 amusing
 determined
4 What are the personal traits of a good and a bad friend to you? Why? Share your reasons
with your classmates.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 12 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 2
1 Match the sentences with the photos.
2 We sometimes have slumber parties with the girls. We chat about many things all night.
1 I love going to the theater with my friends. I really like the atmosphere there.
3 We celebrate our friends’ birthdays at a nice place every year.
4 I like having a picnic with my family. It’s very relaxing.
6 Amusement parks! My friends and I love spending time there. It’s so exciting.
5 We have great fun at the concerts. We listen to music and dance for hours.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 13 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 3
1 Scan the menu below and add one more food/drink to each category.
3 Imagine that you are a waiter at a restaurant and your friends are customers. Ask three of
your friends for their orders and complete the table below.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 14 Soruları ve Cevapları
4 1.2 Listen and circle what Barbara orders on the menu.
5 Pair Work: Read and practice the conversation.
6 Listen to the rest of the conversation and write down what Adam orders.
7 Role Play: Work in groups of three. Imagine that one of you is a waiter/waitress and the others are customers at a restaurant. Write a role play and act it out in the class. Study the box below to help you.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 15 Soruları ve Cevapları
Lesson 4
1 Read the offers/invitations and the responses. Then tick (✓) the boxes.
 I’m sorry, but I can’t. My cousin is coming on Sunday.
 Yes, I would.
 A birthday party? That sounds fun.
 Of course. Where’s it?
 Yeah, sure. Thanks for inviting me.
 Yes, I’d love to. What time is it?
 Sorry, but I’m too busy on Sunday.
 I’d love to, but I must finish my homework on the weekend.
 Sure, it sounds awesome. Who else will be at the party?
2 Invite your friends to an event and elicit their responses. You may use the expressions in Part 1.
3 Listen and complete the blanks.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 16 Soruları ve Cevapları
4 Listen and answer the questions.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 17 Soruları ve Cevapları
Lesson 5
1 Answer the questions below.
2 Read the invitation and answer the questions.
1. What’s the name of the school?
1. Friendhip Primary Scholl.
2. Where is the event?
2. At Paul's Restaurant 105, First Street.
3. How can people get more information?
3. Contact Jess Bradley, they can send an email to jess_bradley@tmail.com or a letter to19, Main Street, Melbourne,Australia.
4. What’s the deadline for joining the event?
4. April 22.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 18 Soruları ve Cevapları
3 Read the replies to the reunion invitation. Tick (✓) if the sender accepts and cross (✗) if the sender refuses the invitation.
4 Read the second reply in Part 3 again and match the sentences with the parts of a letter.
3 Closing.
2 Body Part/ The sender apologizes and gives his excuse for not attending.
1 Greeting.
4 The name of the sender.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 19 Soruları ve Cevapları
Lesson 6
1 What characteristics should an ideal friend have? Discuss your ideas.
2 Scan the opinions below. What are they talking about? Choose the correct choice.
3 Read the opinions and find the correct expressions in bold for the definitions below.
1. To help and support someone: back up
2. Telling the truth all the time: honest
3. To have a lot of similar interests: have lots of things in common
4. To depend on someone: count on
5. To have a good relationship: get on well with

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 1. Ünite Friendship Sayfa 20 Soruları ve Cevapları
PROJECT
1 Work in pairs. Write a dialog and then act it out. Follow the information below.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Sayfa 114 Self Study Activites Cevapları

Activity 1
A Read the conversation and complete the blanks with the sentences below.
Waitress : Hello May I take your order (1)
Woman : Yes, please. I’d like a hamburger, please.
Waitress : Would you like any thing Thanks (2)
Woman : Well, can I take soda, please?
Waitress : Sure, Would you like tou have a dessert. (3)
Woman : Yes. I’d like a piece of chocolate cake.
Waitress : Alright! Anything else? (4)
8. Sınıf İngilizce Sayfa 115 Self Study Activites Cevapları
Activity 2
A - Read the responses to the invitations below. Circle if he or she accepts the invitation, and circle if he or she refuses the invitation.
1, 3, 4, 5, 9 - 1 Resim 
2, 6, 7, 8, 10 - 2 Resim
B Match the invitations with the responses.
2-1     3-2    4-4 

Sayfa 21 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 1
1 Read and number the daily routines from the first thing you do to the last one on a typical day.
Cross (✘) the routines that you don’t do.
(X) listen to music                  (4) get dressed                             (13) surf the Internet
(5) go to school                      (6) take classes at school             (12) watch TV programs
(1) get up                               (10) spend time with my family      (7)  have lunch
(X) read a newspaper              (X) chat with my friends online     (3) have breakfast
(2) wash my face and hands    (8) arrive home from school        (14) go to bed
(X) follow after-school activities  (9)  have dinner                          (11)  do my homework
2 Use the time expressions below and talk about your daily routines in the class. Follow the example below.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 22 Soruları ve Cevapları

3 Read the text. Check (✓) the correct boxes. Correct the false statements.
1. Jessica gets up early in the morning. (✓)
2. Jessica walks to school. (X) She skates to school.
3. Nicole listens to pop music. (X) She listens to rap.
4. Nicole surfs the Internet. (✓) 
5. Peter thinks heavy metal is unbearable. (X) Helikes heavy metal
6. Peter has training on weekends. (X) He as traing en weakdays.
5 Peer Assessment: Exchange your work with your friend. Check and correct your friend’s paragraph. Use the checklist below. What else can you say to improve your friend’s work?
My partner pays attention to grammar rules. (✓) 
He/She uses time expressions correctly. (✓) 

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 24 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 2
1 Match the photos with the activities. Write the numbers of the correct photos.
Sırası ile, 3, 1, 6, 5, 2, 4
2 Write two more activities in the table below. Tick (✓) the correct statements and cross (✘) the incorrect ones in your opinion. What else can you say about different activities? Follow the example.
8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 25 Soruları ve Cevapları
Lesson 3
1 Pair Work: Talk about your friend’s opinions about sports. You may use the questions below to help you.
What sports do you do regularly? I play soccer
Why do you do it? It is engayeble.
When do you do it? In the afternonn
Where do you do it? In the garden
What sports do you like watching? Soccer
What sports would you like to try? I'd like to try skydiving
2 Listen and complete the conversation with the words in the box.
1- always 2- usually 3- sometimes 4- rarely 5- never 6- often 
3 Listen to the rest of the conversation. Write “A” for Alex and write “C” for Claire in the boxes.
(A) He/She usually watches TV.
(C) He/She goes out once a week.
(C) He/She sometimes watches basketball matches on TV.
(A) He/She goes to the movie theater three times a month.
(C) He/She always studies and gets high grades.
(C) He/She often goes bowling.
(C) He/She never goes out on weekdays.
(A) He/She doesn’t like going out much.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 26 Soruları ve Cevapları

4 What activities do you do regularly? How often do you do those activities? Write a short paragraph and give some details.
I play soccer.
I play at everyday.
Becavse it's healthy and ensoyable

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 27 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Listen and number the types of music from 1 to 8 in the order you hear.
(8) Opera (8) Techno (3) Beatbox (1) Classical
(5) Pop (7) Rap (2) Jazz (4) 1 Heavy Metal
2 Add one more type of music to the list. Then tick (✓) what you think about the types of music.
You may tick (✓) more than one box.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 28 Soruları ve Cevapları

4 Read and complete the conversation with the words below.
1- rap 2- interesting 3- really 4- think 5- love
6 Listen to the rest of the conversation and answer the questions below.
1. What types of music does Mrs. Connor like? Pop and rack
2. What is Sandra’s favorite type of music? Rap
3. Why does Sandra like it? She find is fun
7 Group Work: Work in groups of six. Complete the table with the most popular ones in your group. Then share findings with your classmates.
Music : Pop Singer : Sezen Aksu
Sports : Football Movie : Brave heart
TV program : Survivor School Subject :English
Comedian : Cem Yılmaz Computer Game : Pub G

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 29 Soruları ve Cevapları

8  Listen to the song and complete the blanks with the words in the box.
Sırası ile, see, sacred, rainbow, really, watch

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 30 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 5
1 Do you have any friends from other countries? If so, how do you contact them?
No, I don't.
2 Look at the title and the photos below and guess where they are from and what the text is about. Then scan the text and check your guesses.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 31 Soruları ve Cevapları

3 Look at the highlighted words in the text and do the puzzle.
1- BIRYANI  2- BHANGRA 3- TRYPICAL 4- PREPARE 5- COMEDY
6- HUGE 7- CONTRYSIDE 8- GREET 9- FEED
4 Read the text and answer the questions.
1. What does Devans do in the mornings? He brushes teoth take bath.
2. How does he go to school? By school bus
3. What’s his favorite movie? 3 idiots
4. What does he do after dinner? He surfs the not.
5. Where does Hailey live? She lives in countryide of Quensland Auistralia
6. What time does she go to school? at 8 o'clock
7. Who’s her favorite singer? Kylie Minagve

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 32 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 6
2 What do you think of the teenagers in your country? Write the letters of the appropriate statements below in the related boxes. You can write more than one letter.
A. They do it too much. B. They need to do it more. 
C. They do it just good enough. D. They need to be more sensitive about this.
(A) taking selfies
(D) being respectful of the elderly relatives
(A) walking around in their local area
(B) being realistic
(C) using photo and video sharing applications
(B) following the rules
(A) playing video games
(C) behaving fairly
(C) learning about their history and traditions
(B) saving money
(B) keeping up with the latest fashion
(C) being honest with their friends and parents
(A) sharing something on social media
(B) protecting their cultural heritage
(D) being a video blogger
(A) writing comments on trending topics

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 33 Soruları ve Cevapları

3 What do the people below think of teenagers? Listen and put a tick (✔) or a cross (✘).
1. (✘ Teenagers are realistic.
2. (✔) They don’t always follow the rules.
3.(✘ Teenagers behave fairly.
4. (✘ They protect their cultural heritage.
5. (✔) Most teenagers love using photo and video sharing applications.
6. (✘ They don’t share something on social media all the time.
7. (✔) They don’t learn much about their history and traditions.
8. (✔) They don’t keep up with the latest fashion all the time.
4 Make a short presentation about yourself in the class. Use the phrases below to help you.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 2. Ünite Teen Life Sayfa 34 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Write a short paragraph about a music band and state the characteristics of the band.
2 Make a short presentation of the music band that you have chosen. You may show some photos, album covers and/or short performances to make your presentation interesting.


Sayfa 36 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Read the adjectives below about food/drinks. Complete the table about your choices.
2 Complete the table with your friend’s choices. Then talk about them with the class.
I like sweet food like tiremusu, Timur likes spicy food like manti.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 3. Ünite Cooking Sayfa 37 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Study the following words related to cooking
2 Tick (✓) the ways your parents usually do for cooking the food/meals in the table. Then share
your answers with your friends. Follow the example.
My mother usaally peels slices and fries the potatoes.  

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 3. Ünite Cooking Sayfa 38 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Tick (✓) the things you can make or cook. What else can you make/cook? Share with the class.
(✓) sandwich - pasta - omelet - toast - hamburger - pudding
2 Look at the ingredients list below. Which ones are not probably ingredients needed for a mango cake recipe? Tick (✓) the related ones and cross (✘) the unrelated ones. Then read the text below and check your answers.
(✓) 1 cup of oil                             (✓) 1 cup of sugar     (✘) 3 pieces of pepper
(✘)1 cucumber                             (✓) 2 cups of flour     (✘) 250 gr meat
(✓) 1 tablespoon of baking powder (✓) 3 eggs                (✓) 2 mangos
3 Read the steps of making mango cake again and write the numbers of the steps on the photos.
A-5  B-4 C-6 D-2 E-1 F-3

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 3. Ünite Cooking Sayfa 39 Soruları ve Cevapları

4 3.1 Listen to the description of making a homemade ice cream and number the steps in the order you hear. Then write the words “first”, “second”, “then”, “after that”, “next” and “finally” in the blanks.
5 3.2 Listen to the description of making a pizza and number the photos in the correct order.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 3. Ünite Cooking Sayfa 40 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Match the countries and the dishes/food with the photos. Which one(s) do you prefer the most?
Share your choices with your friends.
4- Turkey-kebab   1- Japan-sushi            6- Morocco-couscous
2- Italy-pizza        5- France-croissant     3- The USA-hamburger
2 Group Work: Look at the dishes/food in Part 1 and tell two ingredients for them.
Example: Two of the ingredients for sushi are raw fish and avocado.
Two of the ingredients for kebab are meat and oil

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 3. Ünite Cooking Sayfa 41 Soruları ve Cevapları

4 Read the ingredients and the steps of the recipe and put the photos in the correct order.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 3. Ünite Cooking Sayfa 42 Soruları ve Cevapları


5 Read the text again. Then match the words in bold with their probable meanings.
1-B 2- F 3- C 4- H 5- A 6- B 7- G 8- D
7 Peer Assessment: Exchange your work with your partner and evaluate your partner’s reci̇pe i̇n Part 6. Use the checklist below. What else can you do to improve your partner’s work? Share your ideas with your partner.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Ders Kitabı Tutku Yayıncılık 3. Ünite Cooking Sayfa 43 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Complete the word search puzzle. The words can be in every direction.


Sayfa 46 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 1
1 Match the ways of communication with the photos. Write the correct letters in the boxes.
E- text a message    C- write a letter/postcard   D-make a phone call
F- talk face to face   B- send an email                  A- use social networks
2 Listen and write the number of the people in the order you hear.
3 How do you communicate with your friends? Why? Share your ideas with your classmates.
I use my mobile phone to communicate with my frieds. Because it is en easy way of communicate

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 47 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 2
1 In what ways did people communicate throughout history? Give examples.
They communicated by doves and smoke
2 Read the text and answer the questions below. Give short answers where possible.
3 Read the text and write the dates of the ways of communication.
1800 BC - smoke signals  1454- printing machine  1150- messenger birds
1794- telegraph 1876- telephone 1856- radio
1927- television 1973- cell phone 1983- the Internet
4 What are the latest technological developments in communication? Give some examples.
Whatches for communication.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 48 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 3
1 Write your favorite smartphone applications for the things below.
2 Choose a smartphone application in the previous activity and give some information about it
in the class.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 49 Soruları ve Cevapları

3 What will the people in the photos do? Match the sentences with the photos.
1-3-5-6
4 What kind of voluntary work will you do for the sake of your country or the world? Share
your ideas with the class.
I hope I’ll collect carbage for a clean envinonment

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 50 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 4
1 Group Work: Work in groups of five. Complete the sentences with your own information.
Then share your ideas with your friends.
1- swinn 2- have a big party 3- be free 4- be Hined 5- get cnarnet
2 Listen, follow and complete the phone conversation with the words below.
3 Listen to the rest of the conversation and answer the questions.
4 Pair Work:Write a phone conversation with your partner and then act it out in the class.
Follow the steps below.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 51 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 5
1 For what purposes do you or your family members phone a call center? Put a tick (✔) in the
blanks.
(✔) to book a flight ticket
(✔) to learn about something more
(✔) to ask for a service
2 4.4 Listen and circle the correct options.
3 Pair Work: Imagine that you want to make a flight reservation, and your partner is the travel agent. Create your own telephone conversation.  Add information about the destination of the flight, departure and arrival time, ticket price, etc. You may use the structures below to help you.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 52 Soruları ve Cevapları

Lesson 6
1 Sometimes, we may not understand what people say. Study the expressions below when we
want somebody to repeat what he or she has just said. Tick (✓) the ones you usually use.
(✓) Can you repeat that, please?
(✓) What?
(✓) Sorry! What did you say?
(✓) Excuse me?
(✓) Repeat it, please!
3 Listen and write down the messages.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 53 Soruları ve Cevapları

4 Read and complete the conversation. Then listen and check your answers.
1- may 2- through 3- connect 4- hold on
5 Listen and answer the questions
6 Listen to the phone messages. There are two mistakes in each message. Correct
the mistakes.

8. Sınıf İngilizce Tutku Yayıncılık 4. Ünite Communication Sayfa 54 Soruları ve Cevapları

1 Group Work: Work in groups of four. Imagine that one of you works at the call center
of an international company. The other three people are customers, and they phone the call
center one by one. Read the role cards below and act out a call center drama in the class.



Sayfa 56
Sayfa 57
Sayfa 58
Sayfa 59
Sayfa 60
Sayfa 61
Sayfa 62
Sayfa 63
Sayfa 64
Sayfa 66
Sayfa 67
Sayfa 68
Sayfa 69
Sayfa 70
Sayfa 71
Sayfa 72
Sayfa 74
Sayfa 75
Sayfa 76
Sayfa 77
Sayfa 78
Sayfa 79
Sayfa 80
Sayfa 81
Sayfa 82
Sayfa 133
Sayfa 134
Sayfa 135
Sayfa 136
Sayfa 138
Sayfa 139
Sayfa 140
Sayfa 141
Sayfa 142
Sayfa 143
Sayfa 144
Sayfa 145
Sayfa 146
Sayfa 147
Sayfa 148
Sayfa 149
Sayfa 150
Sayfa 151
Sayfa 152
Sayfa 153
Sayfa 154
Sayfa 155
Sayfa 156
Sayfa 157
Sayfa 158
Sayfa 159
Sayfa 160
Sayfa 161
Sayfa 162
Sayfa 163

Yandaki otomobilin hareket edebilmesi için enerji gereklidir. Bu enerji, yakıtlardan elde edilir. Yakıtların yakılması ile elde edilen enerji, otomobilin hareketi için kullanılır. Açığa çıkan atıklar egzozdan atılır. Vü­cudumuzda da sindirim sonrası kan yoluyla taşınan besin maddeleri hücrelerde yakılır. Bu yanma olayı sonucu atık maddeler ve hücrelerdeki yaşamsal et­kinlikleri gerçekleştirmek için gerekli olan enerji elde edilir. Bu atık maddeler hücrelerden kana geçer.


Kandaki atık maddelerin vücut dışına atılması işlemine boşaltım adı verilir. Boşaltımda görev yapan yapı ve organların oluşturduğu sisteme de boşaltım sistemi adı verilir. Boşaltım sistemini oluşturan yapı ve organlar ile bunların görevlerini daha iyi anlamak için “Boşaltım Sistemi Modeli Yapalım” isimli modeli hazırlayalım.
Kanı süzme görevi yapan böbrekler karın boşluğunun arka kısmında, bel omurlarının iki yanında yer alır. Böbrekler kanı zararlı atıklardan temizleyerek vücudun su ve tuz dengesini düzenler. Eğer böbrekler görevlerini yerine getiremezse vücutta zararlı maddeler, su ve tuzlar birikir, vücudun kimyasal dengesi bozulur. Bu durumda başta kalp ve beyin olmak üzere tüm organlar görevini yapamaz hâle gelir.


Vücudumuzdaki atık maddeler sadece boşaltım sistemi tarafından vücudumuzdan uzaklaştırılmaz. Boşaltım sistemi dışında atık maddeleri vücudumuzdan uzaklaştırmaya yardımcı olan organlar hangile­ridir? Şimdi bu sorunun cevabını bulabilmek için aşağıdaki tabloyu inceleyelim.
Boşaltım sistemindeki yapı ve organların sağlıksız olması onların görevini yapamamasına neden olur. Bu da vücudumuzdaki düzenin bozul­masına ve çeşitli hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasına yol açar. Böbreklere dikkat edilmediğinde sağlığı çok kolay bozulur. Böbrekler soğuktan etkilenir ve çeşitli mikropların çoğalmasına uygundur. Boşal­tım sisteminin sağlığının korunması için yapılması gerekenler maddeler hâlinde verilmiştir. Bunları inceleyelim.